However, there will facing some problems with traditional file processing which are data redundancy, lack of data integration, data dependence and lack of data integrity or standardization.
To solve the problem encountered with the traditional file processing, the database management approach was conceived as the foundation of modern methods for managing organizational data. The management database approach consolidates data records, formerly held in separate files, into databases that can be accessed by many different application programs. Below is n example of database management approach.
Besides that, the database management systems (DBMS) serves as software interfaces between users and databases. It also involves the functions to control how databases are created, interrogated, and maintained to provide information needed by the end users. There are the diagram of database management systems (DBMS).
For the data warehouse, it stores the data that have been extracted from the various operational, external and other databases of an organization. It is a central source of the data that have been cleaned, transformed, and cataloged so the managers and other business professionals can use them for data mining, analytical processing, analysis, market research and decision support. Data warehouse can be divided into data marts which hold the subsets of data that focus on specific aspects of a company, such as department or a business process. There are the diagram of data marts and data warehouses.
Application software is computer software designed to help the user to perform a singular or multiple related specific tasks. Such programs are also called software applications, applications or apps. Typical examples are word processors, spearsheets, media players and database applications.
There are 2 types of appliaction that I would like to discuss about.
i) General application software
ii) Specific application software
The general purpose application software is much broader in use.
Word processors for example, can handle every form of writing, aside from calligraphy.
Spreadsheet programs like Excel handle a significant portion of data processing problems (with databases taking the rest).
Specific Purpose application software is very specific in its use. Engineering programs often fall under this category - there is a program that does slope stability analysis and nothing else, for instance. Specific purpose software may also be created in house and tailored to the specific needs of the company.
For an example, Hollywood movie production uses the specific application software to product high-quality movie. This software can ensure them to make more profit.
In the other hand, some industries also uses the mathematics software
to solve their problems. This specific software make sure that
the industy are on track of their business.
The following pictures are some example of specific purpose application software.
In general, general purpose software is intended to perform a broader class of functions, while specific purpose software is intended to perform a very specific function.
For my point of view I guess as their names said: you can use general purpose softwares for more purposes but limited capabilities for each purpose; but you can use purpose specific softwares for less purposes but with greater capabilities for each purpose.
People have been inventing new ideas in computer systems for nearly four decades. Many of them have been spectacularlysuccessful: virtual memory, packet networks, objects, relational databases, and graphical user interfaces are a few examples. Other promising ideas have not worked out: capabilities, formal methods, distributed computing, and persistent objects. And the fate of some is still in doubt: parallel computing, RISC, and software reuse. The most important invention of the last decade, the World Wide Web, was not made by computer systems researchers.
Mainframes have slimmed down drastically in the last few years, dramatically reducing their air-conditioning needs, electrical power consumption, and floor space requirements.
Thus, mainframe computers continue to handle the information processing needs of major corporations and government agencies with high transaction processing volumes or complex computational problems.
For example, major international banks,oil companies, and other large corporations process millions of sales transaction and customer inquiries each day with the help of large mainframe system.
MIDRANGE
Midrange computers, ormidrange systems, are a class of computersystems which fall in between mainframeand microcomputers. The range emerged in the 1960s and was more generally known at the time as minicomputer. Notable midrange computer lines include Digital Equipment Corporation,Data General,Hewlett-Packard,IBM, andSun Microsystems.
Historically, midrange computers have been sold to small to medium-sized businesses as their main computer, and to larger enterprises for branch- or department-level operations.Since 1980s, when the client-server computing architecture become predominant, computers of the comparable class are instead universally known as servers to recognize that they "serve" end users at their "client" computers.
Since the client-server model was developed inUnix-likeoperating systems, using this term frequently implies support of standard—rather than proprietary—protocolsand programming interfaces.
MICROCOMPUTERS
Microcomputers are the most important category of computer systems for both businessman and consumer.Microcomputeris acomputerwith amicroprocessoras itscentral processing unit. They are physically small compared tomainframeand minicomputers.Many microcomputers are alsopersonal computers.
The computing power of microcomputer now exceeds that of the mainframes of previous computer generations, at a fraction of their cost.Thus, they have become powerful networked professional workstations for business professionals.
PCs are available as handheld, notebook, laptop, and tablet, portable, desktop, and floor-standing models. Or, based on their use, they include home, personal, professional, workstation, and multiuser system.Most microcomputers are desktops designed to fit on an office desk or laptops for those who want a small, portable PC.
The night before our first Information System tutorial class,
we had formed our group and note down our names and also a title for the written assignment. Thus, during the tutorial class, our group was the fastest group to hand up. And so we get the title that we preferred.
We are also informed to create a blog as part of our assignment. At first, we felt veryEXCITED. ♥ This is the first time we have to write a blog as our assignment, and we will definitely have fun doing it.
The following are the bibliography of4of us.
*~ About Me ~*
Name : Tan Pei Lin
Sex: Female
Date of Birth : 09/04/1990
Hometown : Subang Jaya, Selangor
Hobbies : online, sports, shopping
Interest : vacation, animals, dance Favourite music: any pop songs ♬
Favourite movies : imaginative kind of movies
Favourite colour :GREEN Favourite quotations : Go Green ; Live to Eat
*~ Definitions of Me ~* I am an ordinary yet lucky girl who have much love from parents, siblings and friends. The reasons i got into further studies in Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) are to make more friends around Malaysia and also to get my honour degree. I am currently taking Business Administration course for Year 1 Trimester 3. Wise, i have gone through a great student life with UTAR friends and also learned to be more independent. Further more, i won't deny that i prefer assignments over taking mid term test for twice. It is obviously much more better to do something practically than studying alone. Lastly, i have fun working in a team and hope i can live my University life with colours.
*~ Links~* Email is my choice of communication system to share interesting pictures, facts and files. I gain a lot of knowledge and updated activities by checking mails through : http://mail.live.com/default.aspx?wa=wsignin1.0
Moreover, i also do online shopping for bags and clothes. Practically, bags are easier to shop through internet than clothes . There is also a shop opened in Kampar new town specifically selling bags from the website and so we don't have to wait for the post if we are in Kampar. I bought bags for myself and as a present for friends through : Jim Fashion (*click* to find out more)
*~ About Me ~*
Name: Lee Ai Ling Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 12/12/1990
Hometown : Teluk Intan, Perak
Hobbies: watch drama,online, shopping
Interest: music, vacation, play badminton
Favourite music: any nice songs ♬
Favourite movie: any kind of movies except scary movies
Favourite colour :Pink,Purple Favourite quotations: Happy Go Lucky
*~ Definitions of Me ~* I am a simple girl who satisfy with what i am having now. I am currently taking Business Administration course for Year 1 Trimester 3 in UTAR. The reasons i got into further studies in Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) are to get my honour degree to find a better job in the future. I never feel regret i continue my further studies in UTAR. This is because i have a few best friends, i have their support from themwhen i meet some obstaclein my studies. I appreciateit. Lastly, i have gone through a great university student life and also learned to be more independent. Hope i can have a colourful University life.
*~ Links ~* I will normally update myself and keep in touch with friends through a well known website, Facebook. I believe that 99% of the teenagers today are using this social networking website to play games, comment and keep up with friends' recent activities.
When comes to photo editing, I'll prefer to visit http://www.keniu.com/This website has a lot of beautiful and unique photo frames that attracted me to use them to edit my pictures.
*~ About Me ~*
Name: Hoo Kean Siew
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 18/08/1990
Hometown : Slim River, Perak
Hobbies: online, sleep, shopping
Interest: vacation
Favourite music: any soft songs ♬
Favourite movies: imaginative kind of movies
Favourite colour :purple,white Favourite quotations : sleep is most important in our life
*~ Definitions of Me ~
I am a lazy girl. I wish my life will only allow me to eat , sleep , and play. I really dislike examination but it is impossible for me to escape from it. Now, I am taking Business Administration course for Year 1 Trimester 3 in UTAR. I knew many new friends in UTAR. They make my university life meaningful. I really appreciate my friends and i hope i enjoy my University life within these 3 years.
Kampar is a good environment for student to study.The view of the lake in Westlake is beautiful. There are no entertainments for students. So , we can concentrate for our study.Lastly, I wan to say" I like Kampar! I like UTAR!"
*~ Links ~*
Due to the need to photocopy all study materials, i have to log in to Web Based Learning Environment (WBLE) every day to download the latest lecture notes and tutorial questions.
I will also readonline newspaper through http://www.sinchew.com.my/ everyday. I prefer to read the entertainment news. Reading the online newspaper can keep me up-to-date with the trends and widen my knowledge.
*~ About Me ~*
Name: Oon Jea Ern
Sex: Female
Date Of Birth: 25 November 1990
Hometown: Nibong Tebal, Penang
Hobbies: Play piano, sports, movies and SLEEP
Interest: Doggiesssss, Piano prince, and etc
Favourite Music: Classical, Pop, Romantic♬
Favourite movie: Any movies that are nice
Favourite colour :BLUE Favourite quotations :Whatever!!!! & What are friends for???
*~ Definitions of Me ~*
I am a girl who loves my family very much. It is much more beyond you all's imaginations.
Everyone said I am a cool and bad girl, but actually I am a nice and good girl ^^
I am currently studying at Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR)
I am now a Year 1 Trimester 3 student. I am taking the same course as my friends above.
Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons)
The reason I chose UTAR is because UTAR is my mother’s and father’s choice.
In addition, it is also my choice. UTAR SLOGAN
“UTAR My Choice”
My university is located in Kampar. Kampar is a small town which doesn’t have entertainments for students.
Therefore, my friends and I always find entertainments by ourselves.
We play sports together, do assignments together (although it is a tough task), having a walk in Westlake, chit chatting at the mamak stall at the middle of the night and more.
I
♥
My friends very much
Finally, I hope all of my friends and I will graduate smoothly from UTAR and wish our friendship will be forever.
o(∩_∩)o
*~ Links~* I often search the latest Music Video (MV) to relax myself after revising the lecture notes. Most of the people like to watch movies. I'm also one of them. I'll search the trailers for the movie before I book the movie ticket. Check out more videos and MV at the following link. http://www.youtube.com/
Moreover, everyday I will spend about half an hour reading the online newspaper. This is to broaden my knowledge and I want to know about what is happening everyday in this world. The newspaper that I choose is the New Straits Times.
All of us search for information through search engines such as Google, Yahoo and etc. They provide variety of information that will help us a lot in our assignment.
However, there will facing some problems with traditional file processing which are data redundancy, lack of data integration, data dependence and lack of data integrity or standardization.
To solve the problem encountered with the traditional file processing, the database management approach was conceived as the foundation of modern methods for managing organizational data. The management database approach consolidates data records, formerly held in separate files, into databases that can be accessed by many different application programs. Below is n example of database management approach.
Besides that, the database management systems (DBMS) serves as software interfaces between users and databases. It also involves the functions to control how databases are created, interrogated, and maintained to provide information needed by the end users. There are the diagram of database management systems (DBMS).
For the data warehouse, it stores the data that have been extracted from the various operational, external and other databases of an organization. It is a central source of the data that have been cleaned, transformed, and cataloged so the managers and other business professionals can use them for data mining, analytical processing, analysis, market research and decision support. Data warehouse can be divided into data marts which hold the subsets of data that focus on specific aspects of a company, such as department or a business process. There are the diagram of data marts and data warehouses.
Application software is computer software designed to help the user to perform a singular or multiple related specific tasks. Such programs are also called software applications, applications or apps. Typical examples are word processors, spearsheets, media players and database applications.
There are 2 types of appliaction that I would like to discuss about.
i) General application software
ii) Specific application software
The general purpose application software is much broader in use.
Word processors for example, can handle every form of writing, aside from calligraphy.
Spreadsheet programs like Excel handle a significant portion of data processing problems (with databases taking the rest).
Specific Purpose application software is very specific in its use. Engineering programs often fall under this category - there is a program that does slope stability analysis and nothing else, for instance. Specific purpose software may also be created in house and tailored to the specific needs of the company.
For an example, Hollywood movie production uses the specific application software to product high-quality movie. This software can ensure them to make more profit.
In the other hand, some industries also uses the mathematics software
to solve their problems. This specific software make sure that
the industy are on track of their business.
The following pictures are some example of specific purpose application software.
In general, general purpose software is intended to perform a broader class of functions, while specific purpose software is intended to perform a very specific function.
For my point of view I guess as their names said: you can use general purpose softwares for more purposes but limited capabilities for each purpose; but you can use purpose specific softwares for less purposes but with greater capabilities for each purpose.
People have been inventing new ideas in computer systems for nearly four decades. Many of them have been spectacularlysuccessful: virtual memory, packet networks, objects, relational databases, and graphical user interfaces are a few examples. Other promising ideas have not worked out: capabilities, formal methods, distributed computing, and persistent objects. And the fate of some is still in doubt: parallel computing, RISC, and software reuse. The most important invention of the last decade, the World Wide Web, was not made by computer systems researchers.
Mainframes have slimmed down drastically in the last few years, dramatically reducing their air-conditioning needs, electrical power consumption, and floor space requirements.
Thus, mainframe computers continue to handle the information processing needs of major corporations and government agencies with high transaction processing volumes or complex computational problems.
For example, major international banks,oil companies, and other large corporations process millions of sales transaction and customer inquiries each day with the help of large mainframe system.
MIDRANGE
Midrange computers, ormidrange systems, are a class of computersystems which fall in between mainframeand microcomputers. The range emerged in the 1960s and was more generally known at the time as minicomputer. Notable midrange computer lines include Digital Equipment Corporation,Data General,Hewlett-Packard,IBM, andSun Microsystems.
Historically, midrange computers have been sold to small to medium-sized businesses as their main computer, and to larger enterprises for branch- or department-level operations.Since 1980s, when the client-server computing architecture become predominant, computers of the comparable class are instead universally known as servers to recognize that they "serve" end users at their "client" computers.
Since the client-server model was developed inUnix-likeoperating systems, using this term frequently implies support of standard—rather than proprietary—protocolsand programming interfaces.
MICROCOMPUTERS
Microcomputers are the most important category of computer systems for both businessman and consumer.Microcomputeris acomputerwith amicroprocessoras itscentral processing unit. They are physically small compared tomainframeand minicomputers.Many microcomputers are alsopersonal computers.
The computing power of microcomputer now exceeds that of the mainframes of previous computer generations, at a fraction of their cost.Thus, they have become powerful networked professional workstations for business professionals.
PCs are available as handheld, notebook, laptop, and tablet, portable, desktop, and floor-standing models. Or, based on their use, they include home, personal, professional, workstation, and multiuser system.Most microcomputers are desktops designed to fit on an office desk or laptops for those who want a small, portable PC.
The night before our first Information System tutorial class,
we had formed our group and note down our names and also a title for the written assignment. Thus, during the tutorial class, our group was the fastest group to hand up. And so we get the title that we preferred.
We are also informed to create a blog as part of our assignment. At first, we felt veryEXCITED. ♥ This is the first time we have to write a blog as our assignment, and we will definitely have fun doing it.
The following are the bibliography of4of us.
*~ About Me ~*
Name : Tan Pei Lin
Sex: Female
Date of Birth : 09/04/1990
Hometown : Subang Jaya, Selangor
Hobbies : online, sports, shopping
Interest : vacation, animals, dance Favourite music: any pop songs ♬
Favourite movies : imaginative kind of movies
Favourite colour :GREEN Favourite quotations : Go Green ; Live to Eat
*~ Definitions of Me ~* I am an ordinary yet lucky girl who have much love from parents, siblings and friends. The reasons i got into further studies in Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) are to make more friends around Malaysia and also to get my honour degree. I am currently taking Business Administration course for Year 1 Trimester 3. Wise, i have gone through a great student life with UTAR friends and also learned to be more independent. Further more, i won't deny that i prefer assignments over taking mid term test for twice. It is obviously much more better to do something practically than studying alone. Lastly, i have fun working in a team and hope i can live my University life with colours.
*~ Links~* Email is my choice of communication system to share interesting pictures, facts and files. I gain a lot of knowledge and updated activities by checking mails through : http://mail.live.com/default.aspx?wa=wsignin1.0
Moreover, i also do online shopping for bags and clothes. Practically, bags are easier to shop through internet than clothes . There is also a shop opened in Kampar new town specifically selling bags from the website and so we don't have to wait for the post if we are in Kampar. I bought bags for myself and as a present for friends through : Jim Fashion (*click* to find out more)
*~ About Me ~*
Name: Lee Ai Ling Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 12/12/1990
Hometown : Teluk Intan, Perak
Hobbies: watch drama,online, shopping
Interest: music, vacation, play badminton
Favourite music: any nice songs ♬
Favourite movie: any kind of movies except scary movies
Favourite colour :Pink,Purple Favourite quotations: Happy Go Lucky
*~ Definitions of Me ~* I am a simple girl who satisfy with what i am having now. I am currently taking Business Administration course for Year 1 Trimester 3 in UTAR. The reasons i got into further studies in Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) are to get my honour degree to find a better job in the future. I never feel regret i continue my further studies in UTAR. This is because i have a few best friends, i have their support from themwhen i meet some obstaclein my studies. I appreciateit. Lastly, i have gone through a great university student life and also learned to be more independent. Hope i can have a colourful University life.
*~ Links ~* I will normally update myself and keep in touch with friends through a well known website, Facebook. I believe that 99% of the teenagers today are using this social networking website to play games, comment and keep up with friends' recent activities.
When comes to photo editing, I'll prefer to visit http://www.keniu.com/This website has a lot of beautiful and unique photo frames that attracted me to use them to edit my pictures.
*~ About Me ~*
Name: Hoo Kean Siew
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: 18/08/1990
Hometown : Slim River, Perak
Hobbies: online, sleep, shopping
Interest: vacation
Favourite music: any soft songs ♬
Favourite movies: imaginative kind of movies
Favourite colour :purple,white Favourite quotations : sleep is most important in our life
*~ Definitions of Me ~
I am a lazy girl. I wish my life will only allow me to eat , sleep , and play. I really dislike examination but it is impossible for me to escape from it. Now, I am taking Business Administration course for Year 1 Trimester 3 in UTAR. I knew many new friends in UTAR. They make my university life meaningful. I really appreciate my friends and i hope i enjoy my University life within these 3 years.
Kampar is a good environment for student to study.The view of the lake in Westlake is beautiful. There are no entertainments for students. So , we can concentrate for our study.Lastly, I wan to say" I like Kampar! I like UTAR!"
*~ Links ~*
Due to the need to photocopy all study materials, i have to log in to Web Based Learning Environment (WBLE) every day to download the latest lecture notes and tutorial questions.
I will also readonline newspaper through http://www.sinchew.com.my/ everyday. I prefer to read the entertainment news. Reading the online newspaper can keep me up-to-date with the trends and widen my knowledge.
*~ About Me ~*
Name: Oon Jea Ern
Sex: Female
Date Of Birth: 25 November 1990
Hometown: Nibong Tebal, Penang
Hobbies: Play piano, sports, movies and SLEEP
Interest: Doggiesssss, Piano prince, and etc
Favourite Music: Classical, Pop, Romantic♬
Favourite movie: Any movies that are nice
Favourite colour :BLUE Favourite quotations :Whatever!!!! & What are friends for???
*~ Definitions of Me ~*
I am a girl who loves my family very much. It is much more beyond you all's imaginations.
Everyone said I am a cool and bad girl, but actually I am a nice and good girl ^^
I am currently studying at Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR)
I am now a Year 1 Trimester 3 student. I am taking the same course as my friends above.
Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons)
The reason I chose UTAR is because UTAR is my mother’s and father’s choice.
In addition, it is also my choice. UTAR SLOGAN
“UTAR My Choice”
My university is located in Kampar. Kampar is a small town which doesn’t have entertainments for students.
Therefore, my friends and I always find entertainments by ourselves.
We play sports together, do assignments together (although it is a tough task), having a walk in Westlake, chit chatting at the mamak stall at the middle of the night and more.
I
♥
My friends very much
Finally, I hope all of my friends and I will graduate smoothly from UTAR and wish our friendship will be forever.
o(∩_∩)o
*~ Links~* I often search the latest Music Video (MV) to relax myself after revising the lecture notes. Most of the people like to watch movies. I'm also one of them. I'll search the trailers for the movie before I book the movie ticket. Check out more videos and MV at the following link. http://www.youtube.com/
Moreover, everyday I will spend about half an hour reading the online newspaper. This is to broaden my knowledge and I want to know about what is happening everyday in this world. The newspaper that I choose is the New Straits Times.
All of us search for information through search engines such as Google, Yahoo and etc. They provide variety of information that will help us a lot in our assignment.
